Steam-generator.



mwmzs M PATENTED APR,.19,1904

J. a. A. KITCHEN & L. P. PERKINS.

STEAM GENERAT ORY APPLICATION PILBDJUNE 1. 190a.

Invent 4 azaAKitgfiin Y their attoriey Patented April 19, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN AND- LUDLOVV PATTON PERKINS, OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 757,625, dated April 19, 1904.

Application fi l ed June 1, 1903. Serial No. 159,705. (No model.) i

To ail whom it may concern:

- Be it known that we, JOHN GEORGE Annsn-w BROOK Krrcnnn and LUDLOW PATTON PER- KINS, subjects of the King of Great Britain, and residents of Lancaster, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SteamGen erators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the kind of steamgenerators in which bent or coiled water-tubes, forming the principal heating-surfaces, are attached to a central water and steam chamber; and our invention consists in improvements thereon having for their objects chiefly to obtain an increased heating-surface in a given space adapted to baflle or delay the rising gases, to facilitate the cleaning of the heatingsurfaces, and to'dry or superheat the steam.

A steam-generator constructed in accordance with our invention consists of a vertical cylindrical water and steam chamber or shell, which in the case of generators for motor-cars and the like is preferably suspended from above and in the case of stationary generators is preferably/supported bya central pipe,form ing a mud-collector, and which is surrounded by a casing of larger diameter made of or lined with a refractory material, leaving an annular space between the casing and chamber, and of tubular helical coils fixed to said chamber at both ends. Each of the coils consists of several convolutions of tubing skewed sidewise in relation to the vertical axis of the central cylinder; As many coils are attached to the central shell at the same level all round the same as can be conveniently placed,-and

several tiers of such circular rows of coils are or steam-jets from'above or below without having to remove the outer casing. There may be one clrcular row of coils, or more than one, attached to the central shell above the water-level with suitable baflies, causing the steam to circulate through these coils in order to dry or superheat it. Inside the outer casing a burner or grate is arrangedbelow the coils, the flame or heat from which passes through and round the pipes forming the coils to a discharge-flue.

Onthe drawings annexed hereunto a steamgenerator for a motor-car constructed in accordance with this invention is represented as an example.

Figure 1. shows an elevation half in section, with the outer casing in section; and Fig. 2, a sectional plan, one half in section along line was and the other half in section along line y y .Of Fig. 1.

a solid bottom end a and closed at the top.

by a cover Z). The top end of the shell is screw-threaded and an internally-threaded hoop or flange d is screwed thereon, to which the covert is fixed by the studs 5' and nuts 6 Formed on or screwed to the flange d are arms at, by means of which the shell a is supported on the outer casing f, which is lined with a non-conducting material f. In the space between the shell a and the lining f tubular coils are arranged. Each coil consists of severalpreferably threeconvolutions, which only partly overlap each other in plan and are equidistant from the shell, so that the coil is helically skewed. relatively to the vertical and its center line inclined thereto in elevation and that vertical openings are left Four horizontal between the convolutions. rows of such coils (marked, respectively, 0 e no) are arranged on the generator shown on the drawings, the ends of each coil being radially straightened out and fixed in holes in the shell [6 by extending the tubes or in any other suitable way, the lower ends being marked'rc, e, a, and 0 and the upper. ends 0 6 a and 0 the upper ends of the coils in each row and the lower ends of the coils in the next row above lying in the same horizontal plane, as shown. There are eight coils in each horizontal row, the coils being placed as near to one another as possible to obtain as large a heating-surface as possible in the available space. The coils in each upper row are set over to one side relatively to those in the row below, so that the helical axes of the coils coincide, and each four coils superposed in this way form a continuous helically-ascending row of convolutions, as shown in the outside view on Fig. 1. The insides of the convolutions form a continuous flue that can be cleaned from above or below.

The three lower rows of coils are used for the generation of steam, the water entering them at the ends 0, e, and n and returning mixed with steam to the central chamber through the ends 0 c and of. 'The upper row of coils o is used for drying and superheating the steam. To insure the circulation of the steam through this row of coils before it can reach the steam valve or pipe at the top 6 of the chamber a, a partition-plate g is interposed between the lower and upper ends of the coils. In the generator shown as an example on the drawings the plate 9 is shown gripped between the flange d and the cover I) and forms the packing between them; but itmay be supported in any other suitable way. Preferably the plate 9 is placed above the row of coils 0, and the inlet ends 0 thereof are fitted with elbow-pipes h, reaching near to the plate, while the outlet ends 0 are fitted with elbow-pipes 7L2, passing through the plate 9 and fixed therein by lock-nuts h. This arrangement prevents any water passing into the coils 0.

The steam stop-valve, safety-valve, pressure-gage, and other fittings that may be required are fixed on the top of the generator. The casing supports a pan Z at the bottom, above which a burner of any suitable kind is arranged, the flame and heat from which passes upward through the spaces left by the convolutions of the tubes and is continually broken up or deflected by the convolutions above, there being no clear vertical throughpassage anywhere. Above the coils the heat plays round and over the top of the generator and passes through the opening in the top of the casing to a discharge-flue.

The number of coils in each horizontal row and the number of rows of coils, as well as 'the number of convolutions in each coil, may

coils being set over to one side relatively to the coils in the row below so that the helical axes of the coils coincide and continuous helicall y ascending rows of convolutions are formed.

2. In a steam-generator the combination of a central cylindrical chamber, a horizontal row of helical tubular coils fixed thereto above the water-level, a horizontal partition-plate dividing the steamspace above said row of coils, elbow-pipes fixed to the lower inlets of said coils and extending near to said partitionplate, and elbow-pipes fixed to the upper outlets of said coils and extending through said partition-plate.

3. A steam-generator consisting of a central water and steam chamber, several horizontal rows of helically-skewed heating-coils of tubing each having several convolutions partly overlapping each other and radial ends fixed to said chamber, each upper row of coils being set over to one side relatively to the row below so that the helical axes of the coils coincide and continuous helically-ascending rows of convolutions are formed, the topmost horizontal row of coils being above the Waterlevel in the central chamber, a partition-plate horizontally dividing the steam-space thereof, an elbow-pipe connected to the lower end of each coil in the topmost row and reaching upward near to said partition-plate, and another elbow-pipe connected to the upper end of each of said coils andpassing through said partition-plate.

4. The combination of a central water and steam chamber formed of a shell having a solid bottom end and atop cover, anannular flange fixed on the upper end of said shell to which said cover is attached by bolts, a partitionplate gripped between said flange and cover, several horizontal rows of helically-skewed heating-coils of tubing each having several convolutions partly overlapping each other and radial ends fixed to said shell, each upper row of coils being set over to one side relatively to the one below so that the helical axes of the coils coincide and continuous helicallyrascending rows of convolutions are formed, the topmost row of coils being above the water-level in the shell; elbow-pipes. connected to the inlet ends of the topmost row of coils and ascending near tosaid partition-plate, elbowpipes connected to the outlet ends of said topmost row of. coils and passing through said partition-plate and secured thereto by nuts, a circular casing surrounding said shell and coils, and arms fixed to said annular flange and to the casing and adapted to support the generator.

5. In a steamgenerator the combination with a central cylindrical water and steam chamber of several horizontal rows of helically-skewed heating-coils of tubing, each coil having several convolutions partly overlapping each other and radial ends fixed to said chamber, and the coils in each upper row of next row above being disposed in the same coils being set over to one side relatively to horizontal plane.

the coils in the row below so that the helical JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEX, axes of the coils coincide and continuous heli- LUDLOW PATTON PERKINS. callyascending rows of convolutions are Witnesses:

formed, the upper ends of the coils in each WILL. SWANISON,

row and the lower ends of the coils in the 7 WM. W. BEW. 

